Showing posts with label Light. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Light. Show all posts

Wednesday, 12 November 2014

Light Sensitive Staircase Switch with Triac


When there is no sufficient light/the reset pin is held low by R14 (4.7K resistor) and the circuit works as it is described in the earlier paragraph. But if there is sufficient light, resistance of LDR goes low and the transistor goes into conduction. Now the reset pin goes high and the circuit cannot work. R16 is the sensitivity adjustment. You may use a different color of LEDs at the emitter of Ql and Q4. You may construct the circuit on a single board and can use it for two different applications with a single IC of CD4013. You can use same application in two different latches or make both the same.

In general ICs do not like bad housekeeping, more so when handling mains voltages. Soldering is straightforward. A piece of Vero board is OK. But if you are mounting triacs on the same board, or separately, it is very important to have enough space between tracks such that high voltage arcs do not jump across. It is good idea to remove alternate tracks and mount triacs. BT136 triacs can easily drive 500 W of power. Suitable heat sink must be firmly fixed for each triac individually. Please respect CD4013, a CMOS IC.

Only two switches are shown as examples. You may add more number of switches for use at a number of different locations.

Please be careful that the entire circuit works off 230 V AC mains. If you wish to have isolation from the mains, use relays instead of triacs and use transformer power supply of 12V full wave. Light sense circuit consisting of Q5 and Q6 can be cleverly added to the relay circuit No.l

Sunday, 2 November 2014

AUDIO FREQUENCY LIGHT MODULATOR ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM


AUDIO FREQUENCY LIGHT MODULATOR ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM

Light has function to replace cable from audio source to speaker. Transformer X2 is utilized to lock the audio signal. VR1 works as the amplitudo modulator from the T1 signal output.

Parts list :
  •     Resistor R1:  47k ohm
  •     Resistor R2 : 22k ohm
  •     Resistor R3 : 220 ohm
  •     Diode D1-D7 : 1N4001
  •     VR1 : 1k ohm
  •     Polar capacitor C1 : 470 uF/25V
  •     Polar capacitor C2 : 1 uF
  •     Capacitor C3 : 0.1 uF
  •     Transistor T1-T2 : BC148
  •     Transformer X1 : 220 V AC/0-12V AC
  •     X2 : AF output
  •     Transistor SCR1-SCR2 : BA654


Wednesday, 8 October 2014

Light Sensitive Alarm

The Alarm circuit detects a sudden shadow falling on the light-sensor and sounds the bleeper when this happens. The circuit will not respond to gradual changes in brightness to avoid false alarms. The bleeper sounds for only a short time to prevent the battery running flat. Normal lighting can be used, but the circuit will work best if a beam of light is arranged to fall on the light-sensor. Breaking this beam will then cause the bleeper to sound. The light sensor is an LDR (light-dependant resistor), this has a low resistance in bright light and a high resistance in dim light.


- The light-sensitivity of the circuit can be adjusted by varying the 100k preset.
- The length of bleep can be varied from 0.5 to 10 seconds using the 1M preset.


Using the 7555 low-power timer ensures that the circuit draws very little current (about 0.5mA) except for the short times when the bleeper is sounding (this uses about 7mA). If the circuit is switched on continuously an alkaline PP3 9V battery should last about a month, but for longer life (about 6 months) you can use a pack of 6 AA alkaline batteries.